All values, from deepest black to perfect white, and all the greys in between, should be present in your negatives (if using film), computer files (if using digital) and prints.
With very few exceptions, all of the following tones should be present in your photographs. The tones do not have to be evenly represented, but each one should appear somewhere in your image.
With very few exceptions, all of the following tones should be present in your photographs. The tones do not have to be evenly represented, but each one should appear somewhere in your image.
One reason you want all of the tones is because the light greys give you detail in your highlights, and the dark greys give you detail in your shadows. "V" is equal to 18% grey, the tone that light meters use to determine the correct shutter speed and aperture f-stop combination.
Examples: Here are some examples of photographs that contain the full range of values.
Examples: Here are some examples of photographs that contain the full range of values.
Black and white photography can be largely boiled down to five key concepts. Developing your familiarity with them will help you take more informed black and white shots, and the same concepts can also be used to improve your color photos.
Shape and Form
When you remove color from an image you can no longer rely on it to provide interest or a focal point in a scene. This may seem obvious but it can be easy to forget. By doing away with color we also remove one of the most potentially distracting elements in a photo
When you remove color from an image you can no longer rely on it to provide interest or a focal point in a scene. This may seem obvious but it can be easy to forget. By doing away with color we also remove one of the most potentially distracting elements in a photo
Form and shape are all-important in black and white photography. When looking for a good shot, look beyond the colors in a scene and instead focus you attention on the shapesForm and shape are all-important in black and white photography. When looking for a good shot, look beyond the colors in a scene and instead focus you attention on the shapes |
Contrast
Without differences in color to separate elements in your scene, you must instead introduce contrasting shades into your black and white photos.
You can use contrast to help your main subject stand out - for example by photographing a light subject against a dark background - and also to add depth by including a variety of tones and shades in your photo.
Pattern
Many patterns, particularly subtle ones, often go unnoticed in color photos, because the colors draw attention away from the pattern itself. Black and white photography gives you a much better chance of capturing interesting patterns because it focuses the viewer's attention on the shapes formed by the elements in a scene.
Texture
In the same way that patterns can be lost in color photography, textures can be too. When we see a color photo, our mind immediately begins to identify and label the elements in the scene, meaning that we often do not really "see" the photo, but instead see our mind's interpretation of it.
When we photograph in black and white, the mind no longer has that color information to work with, and so pays more attention to elements such as texture, making them appear much more prominent.
Lighting
Lighting is absolutely key to a good black and white photograph because it affects all of the above elements - shape, contrast, pattern and texture.
When thinking about your lighting, consider how it will influence all of these factors, and choose a setup that enhances as many as possible.
Lighting is absolutely key to a good black and white photograph because it affects all of the above elements - shape, contrast, pattern and texture.
When thinking about your lighting, consider how it will influence all of these factors, and choose a setup that enhances as many as possible.
Side lighting often produces the most dramatic black and white photos. It picks out the edges of shapes and increases contrast by adding highlights, and the shadows it creates add interest to the scene as well as enhancing textures and patterns.
Project Requirements
Experiment with black and white photography. Pay attention to shape and form, contrast, pattern, texture and lighting. You will be turning in your top 5 black and white photographs to Canvas.
The image below will show you how to turn your images to Black and White:
The image below will show you how to turn your images to Black and White:
Examples of Black and White Photography